Ping: Tests the reachability of a host (domain or IP address) on an Internet Protocol (IP) network and measures the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer. Lower ping times (measured in milliseconds) indicate a faster, more responsive connection. High ping times or packet loss can indicate network congestion or problems with the connection or server.

Traceroute: Shows the path (or route) that data packets take from your computer to a destination server. It lists all the routers (hops) the packets pass through and the time it takes to reach each hop. Traceroute helps diagnose network bottlenecks, identify points of failure, and understand the network path to a specific host.